Energy-Efficient Design Strategies for Long-Endurance UGVs in Harsh Terrains

Abstract

Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) operating in harsh terrains require optimized energy-efficient designs to ensure long-endurance performance and mission success. This paper investigates key strategies for enhancing energy efficiency in UGVs, focusing on vehicle design, power management, and terrain adaptability. We present a comprehensive approach that integrates lightweight materials, hybrid power systems, and intelligent energy management algorithms to maximize endurance in extreme environments. Through the use of advanced simulation tools and real-world trials, we analyze the trade-offs between power consumption, mobility, and operational duration. Furthermore, the implementation of terrain-aware energy optimization techniques, such as dynamic traction control and adaptive suspension, is explored. Results indicate significant improvements in UGV endurance and reliability when these strategies are applied in harsh terrains, such as deserts, mountainous areas, and tundra environments. The findings provide a solid framework for developing long-endurance UGVs capable of performing extended missions with minimal energy resources.